The Bitcoin Halving
If you’ve been in the crypto space for any length of time, you’ve no doubt heard of the famous Bitcoin “halving”. There’s a halving coming up in mid-2024, so the topic is in the news again, and there’s a good chance you have lingering questions about what it all means.
In order to best serve the Core community, and to help everyone understand the role that Core will come to play in the broader ecosystem, this piece will explore the mechanics behind the Bitcoin halving. It’ll also touch on the way in which Core’s unique Satoshi Plus consensus mechanism will work to make Bitcoin miners profitable long into the future.
What is the Bitcoin Halving?
As you’re no doubt aware, the Bitcoin network is secured by its miners, who compete with one another to be the first to mine a new block by solving a particular cryptographic puzzle. When they’re successful, they’re rewarded with fresh Bitcoin in the Coinbase transaction for the block they’ve just finished mining.
When the Bitcoin network first kicked off circa 2009, this reward was worth 50 Bitcoin, and the protocol dictates that this amount decreases by half every time 210,000 blocks have been mined, which occurs approximately every four years.
In crypto circles this is known as a “halving”. The last halving happened in May of 2020 and cut the block reward down to 6.25 bitcoin per block; current projections have the next halving coming up sometime around April or May of 2024, which will be here sooner than you think.
Why Does the Bitcoin Halving Matter?
There are a few reasons why the Bitcoin halving is important.
The first is theoretical. When Satoshi Nakamoto mined Bitcoin’s genesis block, he famously included a headline from Britain’s The Times:
“The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks”
Though he didn’t offer any explanation, this is but one of many pieces of evidence that Bitcoin was intended to act as a hedge against the malfeasance of money-printing central banks, whose endless inflation of fiat currency drives prices up and erodes the value of savings.
How is Bitcoin supposed to perform this function? This blog post isn’t the place for a deep exploration of monetary economics, but we can make a few high-level comments nevertheless.
Satoshi Nakamoto built the Bitcoin protocol to aggressively constrain the supply of Bitcoin over the long term. There will only ever be so much Bitcoin in existence, it’s released at a steady, predictable rate, and it’s issued in smaller and smaller amounts over time.